Women in the Workforce

Women studies were established to enlighten women about various issues that affect women due to the nature of their gender which is perceived to be weak. These studies were found necessary because some women were not aware of their rights and thus they were subjected to humiliation by the society hence they were denied equal opportunities with their male counterparts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Women in the Workforce specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are organizations that assign duties to women and then under pay them while men are paid wages which are much higher for the same job. Women should use all means to ensure that they earn the same salaries with their team mates and thus they should check whether the difference is due to their gender. When women notice that they are being underpaid because of their gender they should arrange for an appointment with their employer so as to give the employer a room to explain his or her reasons. There are some administrators who think women are not as productive like men because they were born to take care of their children. Employers should give women equal opportunities just like men because they deserve them as long as they posses the relevant qualifications. Organizations should not undermine the abilities of women in achieving organizational goals because productivity in any organization does not depend on one’s gender but on the abilities and willingness to achieve desirable results. When women feel that their employer does not recognize their efforts they should consider boycotting their duties for some time to make employers realize their contributions. With this knowledge, it is important to include women in management positions and also buy their ideas in decision making process because they are also intelligent just like men. The major difference between women and men when performing duties is only that men are more masc uline than women and hence women can tire easily when doing manual jobs. The training offered at military training institutions has proved this perception to be wrong because while the recruits are being trained, they are given the same tasks and thus there is no separate training for each gender. The current shift from factory jobs to white collar jobs has seen many women join the workforce than ever before because a few decades ago, women were hindered from working since they were expected to take care of their children.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Vietnam war provided an opportunity for women in America to exercise their abilities but its certain that the then situation influenced employers to consider them because there were no men to work in their factories. All of them had been recruited into the army and were it not for the resulting scarcity of laborers, women wou ld have remained house wives. Since then women have realized that taking care of their children is impossible without a job. Thus, so many of them are pursuing higher education even when they are married with kids and their efforts have already started to bear fruits because more women are being accorded leadership duties both in governments and in organizations. In fact activists have been successful in their struggle for equality because most governments in developed and developing countries are reserving a considerable number of positions for women. In African countries, the society did not see the importance of educating the girl child because they viewed it as wastage of money. This is because as soon as she grew up she would be married off and would benefit the other family where she will get married. There are so many organizations that have been established to fight for the rights of women both at work places and homes. Gone are the days when women used to be beaten ruthless ly by their women because men thought by paying dowry they had been granted full ownership of the woman. Education has played a major role in enlightening women about their rights and most of them have realized they don’t need men anymore because they can meet their needs by themselves. This success that has been achieved by women is owed to their ambition and perseverance and men too should have the same ambitions. If you want to prove this statement to be right just visit any college during evening hours and you will notice the majority of students in those institutions are married women who come for evening classes after work because they want to advance their careers further. Some of these ladies are juniors at their workplaces but they are eager to climb the corporate ladder. Most men rarely advance their skills when they land their first jobs. Women have shifted their focus from marriage to their independence and that’s why so many are getting married at a later stage and some don’t get married but they don’t consider marriage to be that important because they want to have a say in their lives and thus they are taking high flying jobs such as chief executives and engineers among many others, which were previously taken by men. Men should therefore not look down upon women because time has proved women are also skilled just like men. This essay on Women in the Workforce was written and submitted by user Martha Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

chcj v Essays

chcj v Essays chcj v Paper chcj v Paper 33I-V PLOTS OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LEDs)I. OBJECTIVESa. Collect current-voltage (I-V) data for one resistor and several light emitting diodesb. Plot I versus V for the resistor and the diodesc. Compare the I-V plot of the resistor with those of the diodes II. EQUIPMENTResistor, diodes, 10 volt DC power supply, voltmeter, ammeter, connecting wires III. INTRODUCTIONAn incandescent lamp consists of a metal filament made out of tungsten which is heated to a high temperature by an electric current that passes through it. The filament is enclosed in an evacuated glass envelope to avoid oxidation of the filament by the surrounding air. Most of the light emitted by an incandescent lamp is in the infrared and therefore is not visible. Incandescent lamps are inefficient light sources because only a small part of the electrical power they consume is converted into visible light. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) which are made out of semiconductor materials such as gallium arsenide (GaAs )are muc h more efficient light sources. Below we describe briefly the operating principle of these diodes. Pure semiconductors (also called â€Å"intrinsic†) do not contact electricity at room temperature and are thus not useful for the fabrication of electric and electronic devices. Semiconductors conduct electricity if we dope them with a small amount of impurity atoms. In the case of Silicon (Si) these would be any atom other than Si. Impurities are divided into two broad categories: Donors and Acceptors. A donor is an impurity atom that has more electrons in its outermost shell that is necessary to form chemical bonds with their neighboring atoms. Each Silicon atom has four electrons in its outermost shell; these electrons are involved in forming the chemical bonds with the neighboring Si atoms. An Arsenic (As) atom on the other hand has 5 electrons in its outermost shell. If we add it as an impurity silicon it will act as a donor because it

Income taxition law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Income taxition law - Essay Example Any household required to pay tax on gains that result from disposition of financial and real property2. Whether the gains are speculative, from business income or passive, from capital income, they are subject to tax. On the other hand, investors may make capital losses when the proceeds realised from asset disposal are less than the costs of asset acquisition. Capital gains are only realised when assets are disposed, and not when they are leased. From the information that is provided, the net capital gain for Chloe from the sale of shoe manufacturing factory premises is $1,570,000. This is calculated by subtracting the costs incurred in the acquisition of the factory premises from the proceeds realised from sale of the factory premises as shown. $ $ Selling Price 2,000,000 Goodwill 400,000 Compensation 60,000 Compensation 30,000 2,490,000 Purchase Price 800,000 Goodwill 100,000 Renovation Cost 20,000 920,000 (920,000) Net Capital Gain 1,570,000 The capital gains tax implication for this transaction is that only fifty percent of the net capital gains will be subject to capital gains tax because the factory premise was owned for a period of more than twelve months. Gains arising from assets that were purchased after 21st September 1999 are calculated using the 50% discount method3. An asset purchased and sold more than twelve months later is taxed on 50% of the gain while gains on assets held for less than twelve months do not qualify for an increased base of the fifty percent discount. Therefore, an amount of $ 785,000 will be subject to capital gains tax. There should be proper recording of the business transactions regarding the factory premises, commencing the date of acquisition to avoid paying more capital gains tax than necessary. There will be no benefit of small business concessions. A company whose annual income is more than $2 Million is not a small business. On the other hand, if the aggregate turnover for the current year is less $ 2 Million, then the business is a small business4. Capital Gain Tax Implications on PKY Pty Ltd An expense was incurred in acquiring the company, PKY Pty. There should be appropriate recording of transactions and costs associated with the acquisition and running of this company to ensure that capital gains tax is equitable. It is imperative to note any income that will is to be realised from rent is subject to tax. This is because rental income is subject to tax. Secondly, the retail business’ net proceeds will be subject to tax. In case, the aggregate income per year does not exceed $2 Million, then Chloe can benefit from small business concessions because the company will be categorised under small businesses. Capital Gain Tax Implications on Residential House The $800,000 residential house with $400,000 mortgage is not subject to any tax because all residential properties are exempt from taxation. Personal assets such as personal use assets, home and car are exempted from capital gains ta x. However, this does not apply to depreciating assets such as business equipment or fittings in rental property that are solely used for taxable purposes. To avoid payment of any tax there should be proper recording regarding the residential house cost. Also, the house should not be rented or be on more than two hectares of land, and must have a dwelling in it4. A dwelling is exempt from capital gain

Sex, Nudity, Violence in Modern Era Music Essay

Sex, Nudity, Violence in Modern Era Music - Essay Example The musicians seethe with anger, remember they're frustrating lives before they had a breakthrough and so on. Despite their frustrating pasts which manifest themselves in their lyrics most of these bands have lived a commercial success through their bands and have entered the well-known world of fame and fortune. At the same time, the money and publicity brought with them sex scandals, drug addiction, and public disorder. Few postmodern bands have been prudent with their fame and fortune but the music world is full of sad tragedies like Kurt Cobain’s unfortunate suicide. In this vein, my research will explore to what extent are Rap and Grunge bands a victim of drug effects themselves other than the alleged promotion of a culture of sex nudity violence and culture.The methodology of my work pertains to a few anonymous interviews with representatives of two local bands which play successfully at a nearby club. Their phenomenal success and popularity inspired me to explore their perspectives on the postmodern era. The aim of this literature review is to discuss the issues and bands which will be discussed in the interviews in advance. The literature review was prepared after to interviews to become an aid to the understanding of the musician's concerns and perspectives. Post-modernism has cut off the present from all futures. The daily media add to this by cutting off the past. Which means that critical opinion is often orphaned in the present?† John Berger (English Painter, b.1926) This section addresses the definitional and historical premises behind postmodernism and its influence on modern music media. Visionaries like C. Wright Mills (1959) were looking ahead when they described the post-modern period as one where there would be a growth of the tertiary sector and the services industry would boom in the era of multinationals and a rise in capitalism.  

Energy in American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Energy in American History - Essay Example In fact, there was less reliance on the wood for fueling locomotives after discovery of coal. Moreover, there was a high preference for coal as a source of energy was due to its higher-energy content compared to wood. Coal was needed for production of coke in the process of manufacturing iron and steel; in fact, it was identified as an economical component in the production process. Nevertheless, the paper will focus on exploring use of energy in America through a comparison of different sources, while the next section will summarize arguments in these sources, thereby evaluating them to determine whether they are honest and accurate. Finally, the paper will explore the historical context for energy issue and discuss the way knowledge can influence evaluation of these arguments. There was profound growth of energy consumption in the transport sector during the nineteenth century, and this growth led to an exhaustion of sources of energy such as wood and coal, in American history. How ever, this was not until the Second World War, when petroleum was introduced (Johnson, 30). Establishment of petroleum let to a shift from use of coal as a source of energy to use of diesel and gasoline on locomotives and trucks. This was also facilitated by engines designed to consume gasoline and diesel, thereby making petroleum products predominant sources of energy for transportation. Nevertheless, this led to a rise in labor issues, safety standards, increased costs of coal production and a reduction in the use of coal as a source of energy. Years later, there was a reemergence of coal consumption as a source of energy, which involved firing electrical generators; this clearly indicated its stake as source of energy. However, introduction of petroleum as a source of energy and natural gas continued to reduce use of coals as a prime supply of energy. There was a further increase in the use of petroleum in the 1920s after a completion of the first petroleum drilling project by Ed win Drake (WOU, 1). In fact, this led to a significant increase of use of petroleum during the depression, which increased until 1973. In this case, petroleum can be considered the only source of energy that underwent sudden increase in consumption during the American history. Issues and arguments at this section of the paper entails a comparison of two sources from both governmental and non-governmental website, and these sources seem to agree in numerous accounts regarding changes in the consumption of energy in American history. Therefore, these accounts can be considered rational, and with an attribute of high level of accuracy. Consequently, this makes the stance of the paper to be in agreement with the accounts provided by these sources in relation to the history of energy consumption in America. Evaluation of the Arguments There has been a notable change in the patterns of energy consumption over the American history throughout the development of different sources of energy a nd change of energy consumptions. Therefore, the arguments proposed in the first section of the paper can be considered rational and accurate. In fact, there are other websites indicating that wood was used as a source of energy before establishment of coal, which was later replaced by petroleum. In this case, accounts by these sources indicate that coal was a highly preferred source of energy during the nineteenth century. Moreover, different sources also indicated that in

Foster Parents And Solution Focused Brief Therapy Social Work Essay

Foster Parents And Solution Focused Brief Therapy Social Work Essay Abstract Approximately sixty percent of children living in therapeutic foster care, enter the system with a diagnosis of moderate to severe mental health issues. These children, placed in therapeutic foster homes, can present disruptive behaviors. Maladaptive coping skills on the part of the child or stress inducing behaviors on the part of the caregiver can cause a crises leading to potential removal from the home. Solution focused brief therapy, could increase the quality of the relationship between foster parent and child. Foster children and parents can have a disparity between the perception of a situation and improper communication of opposing views may lead to crisis. Using tools and tenants of solution focused brief therapy could decrease placement disruptions. The purpose of this article is to identify common issues and challenges facing foster parents and children, and examples of interventions using solution based therapy. The strength-based interventions, coupled with the current evidenced-based training, will decrease placement disruptions, and increase the potential of successful transitions from foster care. The article will discuss current evidenced-based interventions, and solution focused therapy as an additional therapeutic approach. In this article, common issues and challenges facing foster parents and children are discussed; and strengths and limitations of implementing solution focused therapy techniques are explored. Keywords: Therapeutic Foster Care, Foster Parents, Foster Children, Solution Focused Brief Therapy, Training Foster Parents and Solution Focused Brief Therapy: An estimated 541,000 children in America live in the foster care system today (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2010). Residential treatment facilities, psychiatric group homes, and foster/ kinship care comprise most of these out of home placements. Therapeutic Foster Care, (TFC) is an additional type of out of home placement and is a specialized service designed to serve children with special needs (Berika, 1999). These special needs range from emotional, cognitive, and physical/medical and can serve as a step down between a residential treatment center and foster care (Strijker, Oijen, Dickscheit, 2010). Each specific type of out of home placement offers differences in the goals and functions of foster care and therapeutic foster care are numerous. Maltreated children are placed in foster care primarily to receive protection, and stability. If the child exhibits the need for mental health or substance abuse therapy, the service is provided outside of the home (Farmer, Mustillo, Burns, Holden, 2008). Transitioning statement from fc 2 tfc (on the other hand ) Therapeutic foster care combines the structure of a residential treatment facility with the care and protection of the home environment. Fifty nine percent of children entering therapeutic foster care address serious levels of emotional behavioral issues; and need rehabilitation (Hochstadt, Jaudes, Zimo, Schacter, 1987). Therapeutic interventions take place within the home, with the goal of integrating newly acquired interpersonal skills into the home environment, which are necessary for future family reunification. Multiple reasons exist facilitating the need to place a child outside of the home for treatment. High-risk family factors include poverty, divorce within the immediate family, (Williams at all, 1990), biological parental mental illness, witnessing domestic violence, and prior incarcerations within the immediate family (Johnson, 1989). The inability or unwillingness of the primary caregiver to care for the child is additional reasons for biological parental rights termination (Pecora, White, Jackson, Wiggins, 2009). Alternatively, the child may have been removed from the home due to neglect or poor parenting. Substance abuse by the biological parents, or even the young person themselves, are additional factors in the decision to remove the child from the biological home. Thus, due to numerous reasons, the youth may have difficulty acclimating to new living situations. Children placed in therapeutic foster care tend to exhibit poor coping skills, low frustration tolerance, and externalizing disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Fiegelman Harrington, 1993). The behaviors that accompany such externalizing disorders may cause foster parents to experience empathy fatigue (Lipscome, Moyers, Farmer, 2004). Empathy fatigue is a leading cause for which a foster parent decides to surrender the foster child (Parker, 2009). This is known as a placement disruption or the childs unscheduled removal from the foster home permanently. Numerous publications report findings, that placement disruption has a detrimental effect on foster children. The American Academy of Pediatrics reported placement disruption, Hinders the development and healing process of children (American Academy of pediatrics 2000). Placement disruption jeopardizes the opportunity for children to develop trusting and secure relationships with adults (Robertson, 1989). The act of separating a child from biological families induces feelings of rejection, guilt, abandonment, and shame, (Garland et al., 2000, Simm at el 2000) regardless of the reason. Multiple placements before the age of 14 are associated with higher rates of delinquency in youths. Recent studies show a relationship between foster child placement disruption and the increase of foster care alumni homelessness, incarceration, and victimization. (Courtney, Dworsky, Lee, Raap, 2009). According to the Midwest Evaluation of Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth, Far too many foster youth are not acquiring the life skills or developing the interpersonal connections they need if they are to become productive young adults (Midwest Evaluation of Adult Functioning of Former Foster Youth, 2010). Foster parents are to provide a safe and nurturing home, which will instill interpersonal communication and effective life skills to youth. The establishment of the connection between the foster parent and the foster child needs is critical due to beliefs that foster parents would benefit from the use of solution focused based therapeutic techniques with the foster child as these techniques provide____________________________________. Multiple training programs have attempted to incorporate these skills within the juveniles daily routine (Price, Chamberlain, Landsverk, Reid, Leve, Laurent, 2008). LIST PREVIOUS MODLES Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care is a strengths-based intervention promoting child and adolescent resiliency in youth exposed to early adversity. Application of MTFC within a treatment foster care home employs a point and level privilege system. Multiple studies show the effectiveness of using a reward level program (Fisher Chamberlain Leve 2009). A second intervention model, which is a modified version of the multidimensional treatment foster care intervention designed for younger children is called keeping foster parents trained and supported (Price, Chamberlain, Landsverk Reid, 2009). Other models of worth mentioning. When a child faces the instability of placement disruption, they do not have a consistent environment where they feel safe to mature; instead, they must re-adapt the new living situation. We suggest following the tenants and techniques of solution focused brief therapy in addition to the aforementioned foster parent training will increase placement stability. Training the foster parents in solution focused therapy techniques we believe they will assist the youth in becoming solution oriented. This new set of skills taught to the child, by the foster parent has the potential to increase the foster childs quality of life by decreasing placement disruptions. Solution focused therapy lends itself well as an additional element training of foster parents. Through a question and answer conversation, it enables the foster parent to see the perspective of a given situation through the eyes of the child. Solution focused brief therapy is strengths-based and future oriented, while still validating the persons experience (Littrell, 2006). Major tenants of this theory are (a.) change is constant (b.) there is always an exception to the problem (c.) there are many ways of looking at a situation, all equally important (Bannink, 2006/2010). It brings small successes to the child or foster parents awareness, and assists them in becoming solution oriented. This article will discuss several solutions focused based therapy techniques with examples of their application. Scaling questions, including what identifies and increase or decrease of one point and the application will be discussed. Coping questions, which illuminates the caregivers and foster childs strengths, will be investigated. The use of language tool statements, such as You must have had a reason to, will be explored. The identification of the childs resources both internal and external will also be examined with examples illustrating the application. The implementation of solution-focused therapy to increase foster care placement stability has been used in residential therapeutic treatment facilities. In a recent study it was found during the first year of treatment, the youth were counseled using the techniques of Cognitive behavioral therapy. In the second year they were counseled using solution focused brief therapy. It was discovered, the number of disruptions from these youth decreased from mean equaling 6.29 (standard deviation equaling 3.6) to mean equals 1.45 (standard deviation .68), P In this article, we will discuss various emotional health rehabilitation needs of foster children referred to therapeutic foster care. A concise exploration of current evidence-based therapeutic foster parent training models highlighting their strengths and weaknesses will take place. The core tenants of solution focused brief therapy will be explored with the intent purpose of identifying specific interventions for use with this population. Furthermore, examples of the preferred intervention techniques of solution focused brief therapy will be provided. Finally, the strengths and limitations of using solution focused brief therapy with this population will be discussed with suggestions for further research. I. Socioeconomic ramifications of child maltreatment. Neglecting the therapeutic foster care populations has a debilitating effect on the economy. Homelessness (check tense and safe assign) In studies focused on homelessness in adulthood, placement in foster care in childhood or adolescence frequently emerges as a risk factor. {{57 Fowler,P.J. 2009;}} For example a study conducted by the Casey Institute showed within a two year period shows homelessness for foster alumni exceeded 12.%, which is the rate for a single episode of homelessness amid US adults. One fifth of the adolescents taking part in the study experienced chronic homelessness. {{86 Anonymous ;}} Homelessness in adolescence and young adulthood has been shown to be associated with elevated risks of a number of negative outcomes. {{57 Fowler,P.J. 2009;}} These services need to begin earlier, to be extended to all eligible children in foster care, and to remain available until former foster care youth have attained stability as young adults (Kushel et al., 2007; Pecora et al., 2006). Research findings indicate that services need to begin early when a family first arrives at a shelter or the child first enters foster care, particularly since early intervention for young children can reduce the magnitude of trauma and subsequent problems later in life {{80 Dozier M Higley E Albus, K Nutter A. (2002);}} Housing instability was related to emotional and behavioral problems, physical and sexual victimization, criminal conviction, and high school dropout. From this information Fowler concluded adolescents transitioning from foster care are at considerably higher risk of homelessness {{57 Fowler,P.J. 2009;}} A.1 Maltreatment leading to out of home placement Sixty four percent of cases involved in the child welfare system are due to parental neglect. Failure to attend to the childs physical, emotional, or educational needs may cause severe, long term psychological challenges. Domestic violence in the childs presence; familial substance use that interferes with parenting abilities, Physical abuse (16%), sexual abuse (9%), and psychological maltreatment (7%) are other reasons children are reported to child welfare.({{72 Leve, L.D. 2009;}} b. Needs of Those in Therapeutic Foster Care Characteristics of Those in Foster Care Social and Academic Health Children involved in the foster care system are at a higher risk of low academic performance and school failure. Children facing challenges, usually present with psychosocial problems at a substantially increased rate than the general population. These range from impulse control, to Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, to conduct disorders which maturate during young adult hood and beyond. Children who fail to develop successful peer relations during school entry are at increased risk for conduct problems, peer rejection, and academic failure throughout childhood and adolescence {{91 Anonymous 2001;24 Egelund, Tine 2009;}} emotional and behavioral problems, exposure to physical and sexual abuse, adolescent pregnancy, incarceration and high school dropout. {{57 Fowler,P.J. 2009;}} A preponderance of children in the welfare system have been identified as experiencing cognitive delays as evidenced by the Denver Developmental Screening Test II {{91 Anonymous 2001;}}. This is the most widely used psychometric test utilized for this young population. Early behavior problems among children placed in foster care have predicted delinquency, substance use, and sexual behavior 6 years later {{62 Linares,L.O. 2006}} Medical and Physical health The gravity and extent of the health care problems facing abused and neglected children are truly alarming.   Specified underlying neurobiological systems are influenced by types of adversity witnessed by children in the system increase risk for negative outcomes. These include common childhood diagnosis are at uncommon levels such as ADHD, disruptive behavior, anxiety, and affective disorders.{{72 Leve,L.D. 2009}} Studies observed increased shifts in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal HPA Axis, a hormone affected by cortisol imbalances. This hormone controls reactions to stress and has been discovered among children experiencing stress in foster care. Increased atypical diurnal cortisol levels{{74 Pears, K.C. 2008;}} are known to be higher especially among young female children who have experienced biological caregiver neglect {{70 Fisher,P.A. 2007;}}. Similar to the HPA axis studies, problems with executive functioning are more common in foster children than in the general population {{74 Pears, K.C. 2008;}}. However therapeutic interventions designed for foster children may positively affect the HPA axis activity as it has been noted decreasing stress decreases the levels of cortisol{{70 Fisher,P.A. 2007;}}. (More research needs done) Fisher Suggests interventions which decrease stress levels of younger juveniles in out of home placements may produce increased outcomes on the social cognitive level and increase the functioning of an neurobiological systems. {{95 Fisher,P.A. 2008;}}{{72 Leve,L.D. 2009}} d. REHABILITATION NEEDS OF CHILDREN IN FOSTER CARE: EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS Evidence-based interventions were formed and assessed to supervise the psychological and physical welfare of children in foster care. Stress inducing behavior on the part of the parent can cause disruptive behavior in the foster child which leads to early termination from the home. Maladaptive coping skills of the child that havent been rectified affect the childs relationship with their caregiver and over time start to give negative connotations to authority figures. Implementing the interventions has shown a decrease in the need for extraneous mental and physical health care by increasing the probability of attaining placement stability. Interventions must target young people while they are still in foster care, before the age of 17 years, to ensure connection to services such as tuition assistance, employment training, and health insurance. {{57 Fowler,P.J. 2009;}} Models MTFC The MTFC model acknowledges and identifies the affect of emotional hardships on the physical and psychological missing word of the foster care population. It originated in 1983 in response to an Oregon State request for proposals from the juvenile justice system to develop community-based alternatives to incarceration for adolescent placements in residential/group care. (Leve,2009) This model gives an evidence based solution to strengthen the self-esteem of the foster children and teach them resiliency to improve behavioral problems. Additionally, consistent with research on resiliency, the model now incorporates key positive individual and interpersonal relationships, adaptive neurobiological functioning, and adaptive social behavior. (Leve, 2009) How it works The MTFC intervention teaches caregivers how to give positive mentoring, improve parental skills and the importance of consistency through training, supervision and the endorsement of a skills coach. MTFC was selected by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (Elliott, 1998) as 1 of 10 evidence-based National Blueprints Programs; was selected as 1 of 9 National Exemplary Safe, Disciplined, and Drug-Free Schools model programs; was highlighted in 2 U.S. Surgeon General reports (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000a, 2000b) (Leve,2009) These reports recorded government savings, showed improvement of behavior in child, and helped stress level of caregiver. State Public Policy group reported a $32,915 cost savings in 2006 to taxpayers for each (Leve,2009) In order for the intervention to be effective, the foster child needs positive reinforcement, individual and family therapy, along with social skills and academic mentoring. The team The skills coach is conditioned to focus on beneficial skills and actions rather than past behaviors or problematic situations. The foster parents and program supervisor work together to carefully monitor youth adjustment in the classroom. (Leve,2009) Classroom observations and evaluations allow the caregiver to evaluate behavioral changes without excessive amounts of external influences in a neutral setting. These caregivers are taught to use the same incentives or point systems employed in the foster home to provide positive feedback and brief, non-emotional consequences for problem behavior. (Leve,2009)The consistency from one environment to another eases the transition process for the foster child. Positive outcomes, including the likelihood of achieving permanency ( this effect is particularly marked for children who have had multiple prior foster placement failures), childrens attachment to caregivers, foster-parent stress levels, older childrens delinquency and antisocial beha vior, participation in school and subsequent time incarcerated. (Fisher P.A. 2009)

Theory and Praxis in Aristotle and Heidegger :: Aristotle heidegger Essays

Theory and Praxis in Aristotle and Heidegger ABSTRACT: The discussion of Heidegger's â€Å"destructive retrieve† of Aristotle has been intensified in recent years by the publication of Heidegger's courses in the years surrounding his magnum opus. Heidegger's explicit commentary on Aristotle in these courses permits one to read Being and Time with Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics and Metaphysics. My paper analyzes a network of differences between the two thinkers, focusing on the relationship between theory and praxis. From Aristotle to Heidegger, there is: (1) a shift from the priority of actuality to the priority of possibility. This shift, I argue, is itself the metaphysical ground of: (2) a shift from the priority of theory to the priority of praxis. This shift is seen most clearly in the way in which (3) Heidegger's notion of Theorie is a modification of his poà ­esis. The temporal ground of the reversal is seen in (4) Heidegger's notion of transcendence towards the world, and not towards an eternal being. Heidegger's "destructive retrieve" of Aristotle is getting more attention recently, as the courses he gave in the years surrounding the appearance of Being and Time are gradually becoming available. Heidegger's explicit commentary on Aristotle in many of these courses permits one to read Being and Time as a work written in conversation with the Greek master. Contrasting Being and Time with Aristotle's Nichomachean Ethics and Metaphysics, my paper analyzes a network of relations and differences between the two thinkers, focussing on the relationship between theory and praxis. Between Aristotle and Heidegger, there is 1) a shift from the priority of actuality in Aristotle, to the priority of possibility in Heidegger. This shift, I argue, is itself the metaphysical ground of 2) a shift from the priority of theory in the one thinker to the priority of praxis in the other. This shift is seen most clearly in the way in which 3) Heidegger's notion of Theorie is a modification of a more original poà ­Ãƒ ©sis. The temporal ground of the reversal is seen in 4) Heidegger's notion of transcendence towards the world, and not towards an eternal being. I. From Aristotle's Actuality to Heidegger's Possibility For Heidegger, possibility precedes actuality: though human beings have a factical structure, the way that we interpret the world is on the basis of possibility. For Aristotle, however, actuality is prior to potentiality (Meta: 1049b 4ff). Now Aristotle's notion of physical potentiality and what Heidegger calls possibility are not identical.

Mayan Art Architecture Essay

Art for the Mayans was a reflection of their lifestyle and culture. For the Mayans art took several forms including: painting paper, plaster, carvings in wood and store, clay, stucco models, and terra cotta figurines from molds. Metal was very scarce and so it wasn’t commonly used. Mayan Art during the period, 200 to 900 has been considered the most sophisticated and beautiful of the New World. There is few remaining Mayan Art, which includes funerary pottery, ceramics, a building in Bonampak (which is around Chiapas, Mexico), has several murals. What is interesting is that Mayan art gave almost free reign to the artist. The artist was not required to produce a work that fit any particular rules. The art usually didn’t depict anonymous priests and unnamed Gods. Some archaeologists believe that art was only produced by the wealthy. Most of the people who lived were farmers who had to work hard to make a living. It is presumed that most of the art was done by sons of kings, and the artworks made were given as gifts or sold to other wealthy landowners. An interesting fact is that Mayans were one of the few civilizations that the artists signed their name to their work. ARCHITECTURE The Mayan architecture is the method the men spoke to the gods. The first Mayan pyramid was said to be built in Uaxatan, Guatemala, just before the birth of Christ. The Mayan architecture is one of the most recognizable. Each pyramid was dedicated to a deity whose shrine was at the peak. At the height of the Mayan civilization, cities like Chichen Itza, Tikal, Uxmal were created. URBAN DESIGN Mayan cities were spread all throughout Mesoamerica. Locations of cities were  not planned to a great extent. In fact, most cities seem to be placed haphazardly. The Mayans easily adapted their cities to their surroundings. Cities that were in northern Yucatan existed on flat limestone plains, while cities built in the mountains or on hills such as, Usumacinta, used the topography to raise their towers and temples very high. At the centre of all Mayan cities were large plazas, which held governmental and religious buildings such as the pyramid temples and ball-courts. Although it seems that most planning was done in a haphazard manner, the Mayans placed very special attention to the directional orientation of temples and observatories. They were always constructed in accordance with Maya interpretation of the orbits of the stars. Outside of ritual centers were the formation of lesser nobles, smaller temples, and individual shrines. These less sacred structures had much more privacy. Outside of the urban core were the less permanent and modest homes of common people. In essence, it was the most sacred and noble buildings in the centre and the further one got from the center the lower of importance the dwelling was in the Mayan hierarchy. In the classic Era the Mayans focused on great monuments (such as temples), public plazas. Interior Space was entirely secondary. In the later-post classic era the Greater Mayan cities developed into more fortress-like defensives structures that lacked plazas. The Mayans actually developed several unique building innovations, including the corbel arch which was a false arch achieved by stepping each successive block, from opposite sides, closer to the center, and capped at the peak. MATERIALS The Mayans lacked many construction technologies. They didn’t have metal tools, pulleys, and even the wheel – or at least they didn’t use the wheel as a means to help in work. Mayan architecture was based on manpower. All  stone was taken from local quarries, and they mostly used limestone. It wasn’t only used because there was an abundance of it but because it was easy to be worked with. The mortar generally consisted of crushed, burnet, and mixed limestone that is similar to cement, and it gave a stucco finishing. PROCESS The King or priests would supervise the labour of the common people. The peasants would work on the construction projects as a method to pay homage to the king and the state, and the construction typically took place when they were unable to do their agricultural work. The laboureres would carry loads of materials on their backs of roll them on logs to get them from the source, usually a quarry, to the site. The Mayans also had specialized workers such as architects who would oversee the construction of the buildings. STYLE Mayan architects did not build in right angles. They relied on bilateral symmetry meaning if you were to cut the building right down the middle, each half would look like a mirror image of the other side. They would also build temples on top of temples. This is one method on how they made some pyramids so large. COMMON STRUCTURES Ceremonial Platforms These were made of limestone, and less than 4 meters in height. Public ceremonies and religious rites were performed here. The buildings were often accented by carved figures, altars and sometimes a tzompantli. A tzompantly is a stake used to display the heads of victims, or defeated Ball game opponents. The word comes from the Nahuatl language of the Aztecs, however,  it has been applied to many other civilizations. The general interpretation is skull rack or wall of skulls. Palaces Needless to say, palaces were large and highly decorated. They were usually located at the center of the city and housed the city’s elite. Often, they were one-story and consisted of many small chambers and at least one courtyard. Sometimes, palaces were home to various tombs. E-groups Still a mystery today. The appeared on the western side of a plaza and they are a pyramid temple facing three smaller temples across the plaza. Some believe that these E-Groups are observatories due to precise positioning of the sun through the small temples when viewed during solsites and equinioxes. Pyramids and temples Most religious temples say atop very high Maya Pyramids – one theory stating that it was the closest place to the heavens. Most temples had a roof comb which is a superficial grandiose wall, they say the temples served as a type of propaganda. It was very occasional that these walls would exceed the height of the jungle. The roof combs would be carved with representations of rulers that could be seen from vast distances. Beneath the temple were a series of platforms split by steep stairs that would allow access to the temple. Observatories The Maya were very intelligent people, and they were keen astronomers, they had mapped out phases of planets. The method they learned about this is through their observatories. The Mayans had these round temples, often dedicated to Quetzalcoatl or what they called him Kukulcan, and if you go on tours many guides will say that they are observatories but realistically  there is no evidence to prove this. Ball Courts An integral part to any Mesoamerican lifestyle. This ins’t specific to just the Mayans but to basically every Mesoamerican civilization. Enclosed on two sides by stepped ramps that led to the platforms. The ball court was found in all but the smallest of Mayan cities. Explanation of The Game It was the first team sport in history and began over 3,500 years ago. The game wasn’t just for competition, the survival of the players and the spectators depended on the outcome.

ObjectOriented Programming vs Procedural Programming essays

ObjectOriented Programming vs Procedural Programming essays It was way back in the 1970s when Kernighan and Ritchie were working on creating a new programming language they would soon call C. It was called this because a language called B preceded it. C was created with simplicity and flexibility in mind. Its primary use was for writing operating systems, however it became popular for a wide variety of other programs. The one thing that C lacked was support for objects; it was a procedural-oriented program. In a procedural-based programming language, a programmer writes out instructions that are followed by a computer from start to finish. This kind of programming had its advantages, but an object-oriented language makes programming clearer and easier to understand. Object-oriented software is all about using objects. An object actually contains code (member functions) and data (data members). Traditionally, code and data have been kept apart. For example, in the C language, units of code are called functions, while units of data are called structures. Functions and structures are not formally connected in C. A C function can operate on more than one type of structure, and more than one function can operate on the same structure. In object-oriented programming, code and data are merged into a single indivisible thing an object. This has some big advantages. A primary rule of object-oriented programming is this: as the user of an object, you should never need to peek inside the box. The way objects work are that a message is sent in and the object knows how to handle it. Thus the user never needs to see the implementation details. By not knowing what is going on inside an object, the user is unable to change the internal implementation code. Providing access to an object only through its messages, while keeping the details private is called encapsulation. The benefits of objects do not stop with encapsulation. Objects also have the special ability to inherit...

English Essay Example

English Essay Example English Paper English Paper Five Sexes: Why Male and Female Are not Enough In the article, The Five Sexes: Why Male and Female Are Not Enough Fausto-Sterling claims that our culture is wrong to put people into categories as either male or female. Fausto-Sterling claimed that there are actually five sexes-and perhaps even more. She defines the sexes as male, female, hermaphrodites (herms), male pseudo-hermaphrodites (merms) and female pseudo-hermaphrodites (ferms). It has provided several insights that show diversity to be an element that is provided in societies but is in great contrast with the commonly accepted idea that there are indeed only two sexes that are present in the society. The diversity is shown to come from the genetic makeup of the individuals together with the environment which they live in. As the society becomes more mature and genetic make-ups produce a set of sexes, diversity comes about in for the people within it to have a greater sense of awareness. In the article, it is clearly shown that it is the society and the norms that are ass ociated with it which dictates what is normal. There are certain notions that are commonly accepted as to how one should act, live, and behave and any deviation from the rule would be considered in negative terms. To a certain extent, there is a boundary that is formed that limits who is accepted and who is not. More often than not, the characteristics that come in greater frequency or that which is considered to be the characteristics of the majority are the ones which are labeled as normal. Definitely, the article has provided several insights with regard to the five sexes that are present in the society. The coming about of these different sexes is due to the genetic makeup and the complicated reasons that are associated with the natural sciences as to how there are the so-called ferms, herms, and merms. However, there is a great role that the society plays because of the norms, values, and beliefs that they create over what is normal and what is not. There are particular sets of limitations that are provided and this makes the situation more complicated for the hermaphrodites. If I were to quiz someone on the article, my question would be: 1) What are the three categories for intersexes that Fausto-Sterling suggests and how are they defined Answer is: herms, merms, and ferms. Herms are those who possess one testis and one ovary, merms in the other hand are those who have testes and some aspects of the female genitalia but with no ovaries. Ferms are those who have ovaries and some aspects of the male genitalia but lack testes. English Essay Example English Essay English Essay I am passionate in learning and always feel joy when I try new things. Therefore I always want to learn alot and like to meet new people in a new places, and I like to do what I want to do. I have a bigger dream and ambition than anyone else. I will never satisfy with where I am but always moving forward to be successful, therefore to advance who I am and to step forward, I joined this program. I first started cooking when I was in high school. Since I was young, I always wanted to be a cook, was passionate in cooking, and I really liked it. It made me cook harder. Due to that, I ended up with acquiring licenses in Korean, Japanese, Chinese, Western, fugu, homemade bread. In addition, I joined various cooking competition and won the prise. I accumulated know-how and built my career by working in different fields of kitchen such as restaurants, buffet, hotel and etc. Therefore I can hold and fulfill my responsibilities no matter what I do or what kind of program I join. In this program, I want to learn more advanced hotel restaurants system and globalized cooking techniques, and through this program I will develop myself by building more extensive personal relations. I want to apply Korean food to advanced culture of United States, and lead the globalization of Korean food. There will be tremedous trials and errors, sufferings, and adversities, but I wont flop down and seek to next step forward. After I finish this program, I will be back to Korea and apply for a hotel in Korea. I will grow and develop myself based on lots of knowledges and experiences through this program. And I wont satisfy with what I am now, but will develop myself even more by maintaining and reinforcing my knowledge and skill that I have learnt. English Essay Example English Essay English Essay Essay Topic: Push Precious The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 2008 H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C AT E E X A M I N AT I O N English (Standard) and English (Advanced) Paper 1 † Area of Study Total marks â€Å" 45 Section I Pages 2â€Å"8 General Instructions Reading time â€Å" 10 minutes Working time â€Å" 2 hours Write using black or blue pen 15 marks Attempt Question 1 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Section II Page 9 15 marks Attempt Question 2 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Section III Pages 10â€Å"12 15 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 3â€Å"5 Allow about 40 minutes for this section 151 Section I 15 marks Attempt Question 1 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in the English Paper 1 Writing Booklet. Extra English Paper 1 Writing Booklets are available. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: ? ¦ demonstrate understanding of the way perceptions of the journey are shaped in and through texts ? ¦ describe, explain and analyse the relationship between language, text and context Question 1 (15 marks) Examine Texts one, two, three and four carefully and then answer the questions on page 8. Text 1 † Travel Memoir Book Cover (adapted) ? © Katrina Blowers, Pier 9, 2007 Question 1 continues on page 3 â€Å"2â€Å" Question 1 (continued) Text 2 † Travel Memoir: Extract adapted from Chapter One, Tuning Out YOUâ„ ¢RE MAKING THE BIGGEST MISTAKE OF YOUR CAREER, Katrina. Donâ„ ¢t even think for a second that youâ„ ¢re going to be able to stroll back into town and get a job anywhere near as good as this one. I push my bag under the seat in front of me and try not to think about those words. The small black backpack bulges a little and I give it a gentle kick to wedge it further in. Every stick of furniture I own has been packed away in a storage facility. My last breakfast radio show has gone to air. My final pay cheque is in the bank. Even my voice has been lost somewhere in Sydney after too many rowdy farewell parties. All the pieces of the life Iâ„ ¢ve been living have been put away. The loose ends are firmly tied. I am embarking on the trip of a lifetimeâ„ ¢, as lots of people keep telling me. Six months of travelling around the world. Itâ„ ¢s been planned for, saved for and talked about for years. I should be ecstatic. Why not wait until later These are your consolidating years, the most important ones of your entire career. Mess these up and you can kiss it all goodbye. I feel overwhelmed and confused. Instead of focusing on the amazing places I am going, all I can think about is what Iâ„ ¢m leaving behind. Itâ„ ¢s only for six months but right now it feels like an eternity. Iâ„ ¢m scared everything will be different when I get back and my place in everyoneâ„ ¢s lives will have shifted. Most of all, Iâ„ ¢m terrified my career achievements wonâ„ ¢t be worth anything, that Iâ„ ¢ll be forgotten and have to start again. Katrina Blowers ? © Katrina Blowers, Pier 9, 2007 Question 1 continues on page 4 â€Å"3â€Å" Question 1 (continued) Text 3 † Poem Darwin, 1967â€Å"1992 Arriving again after twenty-five years I step nose-first into falling Wet, dragging my body behind: a heavy tail, wagged by a thousand scent-trails that point back into the fragrant invisible past. Nothing has changed except the visible: my childhood Galapagos* of stilt-houses and louvres and rusting tin roofs redecorated by a famous cyclone, become the newest suburb of the South, fitter to survive, but more interior, smelling only of the absence of smell, or the scent-sachets of hire cars and deodorised motel rooms. For years I have travelled everywhere except back, travelled to postpone many things, not least boredom, travelled to avoid meeting myself, travelled also to narrow the mind, to reconfirm each disappointing destination â€Å" including, finally, this. Yet the town somehow survives the city. It fills the nose like a childhood dunked in scented tea, it seeps from the thick-ply landfill of the past, a ghos tly methane, bringing back to the odourless present its most sacred site: a slatted stilt-house that still waits in the sudden tropical night at the end of each adventure, lit from within * Galapagos A group of islands in the Pacific Ocean Question 1 continues on page 5 â€Å"4â€Å" Question 1 (continued) Text 3 † Poem (continued) like a home: a beacon, a ribbed and shining lantern held above the dark and above the green. This is the travel-gift I choose for myself, wrapped in a moist nostril-pocket, tucked against the warm underbelly of the brain as I step backwards onto the plane dragging my nose behind me, and this quicksilver Beagle detaches from the sticky gravity of my precious island and I would glance back once more but cannot, for the Wet is falling again outside the cabin. Inside, perfumed women distribute scented steaming towels to wipe the face clean, and the nose is overwhelmed by the freshness of the here and now, and the past which was present is obscured, nearly completely. Peter Goldsworthy Darwin, 1967-1992 by Peter Goldsworthy, Harper Collins Publishers, 1996, Reproduced with kind permission of Curtis Brown Literary Agents Question 1 continues on page 6 â€Å"5â€Å" Question 1 (continued) Text 4 † Short Story Extract Awaiting copyright Question 1 continues on page 7 â€Å" 6 â€Å" Question 1 (continued) Text 4 † Short Story Extract (continued) Awaiting copyright Question 1 continues on page 8 â€Å" 7 â€Å" In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: ? ¦ demonstrate understanding of the way perceptions of the journey are shaped in and through texts ? ¦ describe, explain and analyse the relationship between language, text and context Marks Question 1 (continued) Text one † Travel Memoir Book Cover (a) Identify one visual feature of the book cover that highlights an aspect of Katrina Blowersâ„ ¢ journey. 1 Text two † Travel Memoir Extract (b) Explain briefly how the author uses language to communicate her ideas about the journey to the reader. 2 Text three † Poem (c) What reflections does the poem offer on returning to the place where one grew up Support your answer with detail from the poem. 3 Text four † Short Story Extract (d) Analyse the language techniques used to establish the motherâ„ ¢s journey to acceptance of the stranger. 4 Texts one, two, three and four † Travel Memoir Book Cover, Travel Memoir Extract, Poem and Short Story Extract (e) In your view, which two of these texts most strongly represent the uncertainties of journeys Explain your view with reference to TWO texts. 5 End of Question 1 â€Å" 8 â€Å" Section II 15 marks Attempt Question 2 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE English Paper 1 Writing Booklet. Extra English Paper 1 Writing Booklets are available. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: ? ¦ express understanding of the journey in the context of your studies ? ¦ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and context Question 2 (15 marks) You have been invited to contribute a piece of writing for ONE of the sections in this book. Journeys Contents Memoirs Speeches Stories Choose ONE of the options below for your contribution. (a) Compose a memoir entitled Elsewhereâ„ ¢. OR (b) Compose a speech entitled The Perfect Circleâ„ ¢. OR (c) Compose a story entitled The Curious Travellerâ„ ¢. â€Å" 9 â€Å" Section III 15 marks Attempt ONE question from Questions 3â€Å"5 Allow about 40 minutes for this section Answer the question in a SEPARATE English Paper 1 Writing Booklet. Extra English Paper 1 Writing Booklets are available. In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: ? ¦ demonstrate understanding of the concept of the journey in the context of your study ? ¦ analyse, explain and assess the ways the journey is represented in a variety of texts ? ¦ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and context Question 3 (15 marks) Focus † Physical Journeys A strong human spirit is essential for a physical journey. Is this your view Write a persuasive response referring to representations of physical journeys in your texts. In your response, refer to your prescribed text and TWO other related texts of your own choosing. The prescribed texts are: Prose Fiction â€Å" Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Drama â€Å" Michael Gow, Away Poetry â€Å" Peter Skrzynecki, Immigrant Chronicle * Immigrants at Central Station, 1951 * Feliks Skrzynecki * Crossing the Red Sea * Leaving home * Migrant hostel * A drive in the country * Post card Nonfiction â€Å" Jesse Martin, Lionheart Film â€Å" Phillip Noyce, Rabbit-Proof Fence â€Å" 10 â€Å" Question 4 (15 marks) Focus † Imaginative Journeys A strong human spirit is essential for an imaginative journey. Is this your view Write a persuasive response referring to representations of imaginative journeys in your texts. In your response, refer to your prescribed text and TWO other related texts of your own choosing. The prescribed texts are: Prose Fiction â€Å" Orson Scott Card, Enderâ„ ¢s Game Drama â€Å" William Shakespeare, The Tempest Poetry â€Å" Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Samuel Taylor Coleridge: The Complete Poems * The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (1834) * This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison * Frost at Midnight * Kubla Khan Nonfiction â€Å" Melvyn Bragg, On Giantsâ„ ¢ Shoulders Film â€Å" Robert Zemeckis, Contact Please turn over â€Å" 11 â€Å" In your answer you will be assessed on how well you: ? ¦ demonstrate understanding of the concept of the journey in the context of your study ? ¦ analyse, explain and assess the ways the journey is represented in a variety of texts ? ¦ organise, develop and express ideas using language appropriate to audience, purpose and context Question 5 (15 marks) Focus † Inner Journeys A strong human spirit is essential for an inner journey. Is this your view Write a persuasive response referring to representations of inner journeys in your texts. In your response, refer to your prescribed text and TWO other related texts of your own choosing. The prescribed texts are: Prose Fiction â€Å" J G Ballard, Empire of the Sun â€Å" Louis Nowra, Cosi Drama Poetry â€Å" Ken Watson (ed.), At the Round Earthâ„ ¢s Imagined Corners * Sujata Bhatt, The One Who Goes Away * Ivan Lalic, Of Eurydice ? * Gwyneth Lewis, Fax X * Mudrooroo, A Righteous Day * Janos Pilinszky, The French Prisoner * Vittorio Sereni, A Dream * Xuan Quynh, Worried Over the Days Past Nonfiction â€Å" Sally Morgan, My Place Film â€Å" Roberto Benigni, Life is Beautiful End of paper â€Å" 12 â€Å" ? © Board of Studies NSW 2008 English Essay Example English Essay English Essay Compare and contrast Jane Eyre to Bertha Mason Jane Eyre is a very famous novel written by Charlotte Bronte in the Victorian era. There are a lot of characters in this novel. They come from different social classes and have different personalities. The main character in this novel is Jane Eyre. She comes from a different class and finds herself fall in love with Mr. Rochester who is the husband of Bertha Mason. Jane Eyre and Bertha Mason come from different background and have very different characters. Although they are different, we find in the novel that they themselves are somehow similar. There are some common aspects between Jane and Bertha. By looking to their past, we can find that these two women are similar. In Janeâ„ ¢s childhood, she was lonely, isolated child and no one accepted her neither her family, nor her society. She was not accepted anywhere. She was rejected by her society because her lack of status and money and she was not fit with servant because her relationship with the Reeds. The same can be seen with Bertha mason. She was not accepted anywhere when she was young. She was British who was born in The West India. This alienated her from both classes as a result of being born in the middle and making her belongs to the half of both, not a whole. Next, the character who links between Jane and Bertha is Mr. Rochester. Both of them are dependent on him. Jane as a governess works under his employ. Bertha on the other hand, is Mr. Rochesterâ„ ¢s wife. Mr. Rochester loves Jane, and scorns his wife Bertha. In addition, the most common thing they share is their attitude toward man. During the novel, both Jane and Bertha were influences by male power. They refused to be subjected to men. Jane asks for a relationship based on equalities, similar hearts and souls in the eye of God. She refused to be Mr. Rochesterâ„ ¢s mistress. If she accepted to be, her attitude toward marriage and equality between man and woman will be gone. Men will have the power and the ability to make women under their control and Jane doesnâ„ ¢t want this to happen. Also, Jane told Mr. Rochester that human beings face some conditions in which they become angry, upset or happy. She told him to not have that acceptation of being happy all the time, smiling or acting as an angle. Sometimes she is happy, others she is not and this is the nature of human beings. Bertha on the other hand, refused to be subjected to male power. For example, the times that she sat fire during the novel, when she sat a fire in Mr. Roch esterâ„ ¢s room and he was saved by Jane and when she sat a fire and burned Thornfield. The fact the that Mr. Rochester was trapped by a woman and saved by another shows that women try to be involved in menâ„ ¢s world and they want to change the societyâ„ ¢s view toward women. Even though both Jane and Bertha share things in common, the differences between the two are many. Their reaction toward the things they faces, make them different from each other. On the first hand, Jane is an orphan, not that pretty, lonely and isolated child. Despite the fact that she lives with her wealthy relatives, Jane grew up in poverty. When Mrs. Reed, her aunt, locked her in the Red Room, Jane learned or became aware that it was a hard time when she gave up to her emotions. Being locked in the Red Room symbolizes the society locking Janeâ„ ¢s emotions and freedom. She cannot express her passion and feelings because women at that time, Victorian era, donâ„ ¢t have the freedom to do so. She allowed her emotions to control and guide her when she was in the Red Room. By doing that, she became another person and she lost sight of herself. This frightening experience became a turning point for Jane. She started to change and control her passions and emotions. She is stron g and self assured woman. Her belief in women rights and social equalities challenged the idea of being controlled under menâ„ ¢s power. She became an educated person. She worked at Lowood School for few years and then she worked as a governess at Thornfield. There she fell in love with Mr. Rochester who is from different social class. She is not socially equal to him and they have many differences but both of them saw themselves in each other. On the other hand, Bertha is very beautiful woman and comes from a rich family. She is the wife of Edward and the daughter of a wealthy West Indian family. She has dark hair, dark eyes and was surrounded by admirers. She met Mr. Rochester and he liked her from the first look and he married her in his youth. Both of them were young and married without knowing each other or thinking of their future. She didnâ„ ¢t marry Mr. Rochester by her own well. Both Berthaâ„ ¢s and Edwardâ„ ¢s families placed them in that situation. Bertha as a woman who lived in the Victorian time she couldnâ„ ¢t refuse but comply. She shows that women are controlled by men and they treated as inferior. Mr. Rochester, on the other hand, was pressured into this marriage by his family. After the marriage, he discovered that Bertha is immoral person. She is insane, more animal than a human, as he described her, and very passionate one. Her passion leads her t o be violence and mad person. That was the r eason why Mr. Rochester put her in the third floor. Her society rejected her and she married out of her well. All these turned her to that mad woman who is controlled by her passions. In the conclusion, Jane Eyre and Bertha Mason are two different characters who have different personalities, attitudes and reactions toward the issues they face. But in somehow in the novel both of them share things in common. .

Interview witih a Business Owner Research Paper

Interview witih a Business Owner - Research Paper Example The concentration is therefore on delivering an advertising message which is comprehensive, complete and covered from all angles. Jack decided to pursue this business because he did his Masters in Advertising from one of the most well-known universities in America. His interest in advertising is one of the reasons why he wanted to make it a career for himself, and thus the fact that he now owns this advertising agency. He did his internship at JWT which is again one of the more renowned advertising agencies in the world, and at Ogilvy, which has a name for its own self in the advertising ranks nonetheless. These are some of the most basic reasons why he is into advertising and the manner in which he brings a comfort level to it goes to show that he will continue to remain an entrepreneur even in the times to come. The business form of this advertising agency is in the form of an individually-owned company where Jack holds all the shares of the agency. He is the sole person who is responsible for all the actions, financial issues and strategic moves of the advertising agency and everyone reports directly to him. He is not answerable to anyone which is indeed a definite positive on his part. The other advantages include the fact that he has the maximum profits and can take home whatever he wants because it is his business at the end of the day. The disadvantages include the manner in which he has to make-do with employee morale, losses in income, clients moving out and so on. Therefore the advantages and disadvantages stand head to head with one another when one understands the due role of ownership by Jack in comparison with other business forms. The challenges and rewards of business ownership when understood from Jack’s angle are varied. This is because he has to set the basis of comprehending where he is having a tough time and what kind

Zaras Retailer Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Zaras Retailer Company - Essay Example This paper looks at various operational and expansion strategies that Zara uses in its quest to boost its economic status as well as expand to other parts of the world. These strategies include advertising and marketing, cost of production and strategic partnerships among others. It also looks at the operational management challenges, effects of manufacturing in China on the company’s sustainability and corporate social responsibility and effect of opening a major warehouse outside Spain on its distribution model and local manufacturers. How should Zara’s operation strategy support its expansion strategy? Zara make use of a business model that is vertically integrated retailer in apparel industry, linking customer demand to manufacturing, and linking manufacturing to distribution and to retailing business. It aims at responding to market demands in a quick manner since they are always changing. It can be broken down into three components that include concept, value drivers and capabilities. Its fundamental concept is to maintain design, production, and distribution processes that help it to respond to shifts in consumer demands in a quick manner. Similarly, this company has necessary resources or capabilities to exploit any opportunity that arise. It has tight control over its production processes while at the same time keeping manufacturing and design in-house or sometimes with some strategic partnerships that are located near its headquarters. In addition, it as strategic agreements with various local manufactures; this ensures timely service and delivery. Zara maintains the expansi on and flexibility required to design and produce more than twelve new items each year, thanks to the strategic partnerships and benefits brought forward by the proximity of operational and manufacturing processes (Slack, 2012, p.12). This capability help Zara achieve its expansion strategies as well as its expedited response to consumer demand. Value drivers ensure huge returns of benefits to all stakeholders. Zara has outstanding financial performance, which is a clear indication of its success. For instance, it tripled its corporate profit between 1996 and 2000. Likewise, the company has high level of brad recognition and customer loyalty; hence, increasing the number of customer that buys its products in an enormous manner (Mihm, 2010, p.15). This has further boosted its expansion strategy in most parts of the world. Operational strategies Speed It quickly responds to the demands of its target customers, who are mostly the young city dwellers who are always conscious of fashion. According to Cunningham & Harney (2012, p.67), this strategy helps Zara to time fashion trends and strike whenever a trend is hot; hence, it is never stuck with inventory when it dies off. Its ability to market in product is far is better than that of its competitors; hence, it is able to expand to other locations at a high rate. Its speed provides additional value to customers, stores, and stakeholders in the process of producing affordable fashions at affordable prices (Cunningham et al., 2012, p.89). Decentralized decision making and product development Zara is centralized by a group of commercials that are chiefly